火旋风燃烧过程中负压场的探究

为了探究自然驱动的四面夹缝火旋风装置中,火旋风燃烧过程中油层表面形成的负压场,在一定简化的假设条件下,建立了火旋风燃烧过程中产生的负压场模型,对火旋风的涡核半径、涡核强度进行了计算。实验室形成的小型火旋风涡核半径与油盘尺寸成正相关。涡核强度与涡核半径的关系则可用指数函数表示;气动力机制是决定火旋风质量燃烧速率的主导机制。     

障板上矩形薄板在浅水环境中的振动及声辐射解析分析

通过推导得到浅水环境中矩形板声辐射阻抗矩阵的解析表达,进一步结合振动假设模态方法及辐射表面单元辐射器思想求解浅水环境中矩形板的振动响应,分析水深对矩形板模态附加质量的影响,给出矩形板模态附加质量随水深的变化情况,得到波导模态的激发对附加质量的影响,并通过对辐射抗矩阵的特征分析得到附加质量在板上分布的主要模式;进一步结合声辐射模态辐射效率,分析水深变化对矩形板振动响应峰值及远场声辐射的影响,分析结果表明:水深度变化对振动响应峰值及声辐射功率的影响与第1阶声辐射模态的辐射效率随深度的变化具有一致性。     

南美白对虾进食前后发声信号特点分析

为了探索南美白对虾进食前后发声信号特点和规律,首先进行了养殖虾塘环境下的实验,利用水听器与采集器采集信号;然后利用Matlab软件对信号进行频谱分析和时频分析,得到南美白对虾的发声信号规律。实验证明,在淡水养殖环境下,南美白对虾产生的声信号具有一定的规律,一般情况单个脉冲信号时长为0.005 s,主峰频率在2～10 kHz之间,投饵后主峰频率有所扩大,约在5～15 kHz之间。投饵后南美白对虾随着咀嚼活动的展开产生的信号增多,并且时频域特征明显与投饵前不同。该实验结果为利用南美白对虾产生的信号来控制投饵机实现按需投饵提供了可能。     

基于最小方差的声线跟踪自适应分层算法

针对高精度水声定位系统中定位精度与计算量相互矛盾的问题,提出了基于最小方差的声线跟踪自适应分层算法。该算法根据声速在有限范围内规律变化的特点,对声速剖面全局搜索,通过各段声速散点到其拟合直线的总方差表示拟切分段与原始声速剖面的差别,利用最大差别找出最佳切分点,保留原始声速剖面特征,实现对声速剖面的简化。实验结果表明,该算法在保证定位精度的同时能够提高计算效率,具有良好的工程应用价值。     

The sound absorption performance of the highly porous silica ceramics prepared using freeze casting method

Highly porous silica ceramics with unidirectional pores were prepared using the freeze casting method. By adjusting the solid content and freezing temperature, the porosity of the ceramics was tailored in the range of 78.20%-84.59% and pore size in the range of 8.4-71.4 μm, respectively. Sound absorption properties of porous silica ceramics was studied and the effect of structural factors was systematically investigated. The results showed that higher porosity and smaller pores of the porous ceramics favored the sound absorption in the entire sound wave frequency. By backing the sample with small pore size porous ceramics, the sound absorption property was enhanced, particularly in the low and medium frequency range, thus the sound absorption peak shifted towards lower frequency. The presence of air gap in the back would also favor sound absorption in low and medium frequency range. The as-fabricated porous silica ceramics owed excellent sound absorption properties due to their unidirectional pores and low flow resistances.     

AudioDirector软件在声音处理中的应用研究

通过AudioDirector软件在声音处理中的应用，包括音频管理、音频编缉、音频修复及音频混合功能，是一套功能强大、操作直觉化的专业声音处理软件。     

Evolution of linear edge dislocation in atmospheric turbulence and free space

In accordance with the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle, the evolution of linear edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence is studied, and the effects of waist width and the slope of linear edge dislocation are investigated. It is shown that when linear edge dislocation beams propagate through atmospheric turbulence, if the waist width is not equal and the slope is not zero, then the linear edge dislocation vanishes and transforms into an optical vortex with a topological charge of ?1 or +1. The optical vortex and an optical vortex that is created annihilate when the transmission distance is far enough. The linear edge dislocation vanishes when the slope is zero. If the waist width is equal, then the linear edge dislocation will vanish regardless of the slope value. For linear edge dislocation beams in free space, when selecting specific parameters, linear edge dislocation always exists.     

Numerical study on erosion of a pipe bend with a vortex chamber

Abrasive erosion at bend is a common issue in gas–solid pneumatic system. Vortex chamber design is one of the specialized designs that offers promising prospect at reducing erosion. The performance of design is still relatively unknown in the literature. The aim of this work is to study the effect of basic erosion variables such as the flow Reynolds number, the particle Stokes number, and the vortex chamber size. The results show that the vortex chamber always reduces the erosion in comparison to the common radius bend, and it is more effective at higher Reynolds number. Increasing the chamber size reduces the erosion but the most significant reduction happens when the chamber size to the pipe diameter ratio is increased from 1 to 1.25. The chamber size influences the erosion differently at different Reynolds number. Trends describing these effects were obtained through trial-and-error approach. The particle Stokes number has nonunique effect on erosion. Increasing Stokes number through increasing Re increases the erosion while increasing Stokes number through decreasing Re_p decreases the erosion.